Following categories to analyze the ways free essay sample

Use the following categories to analyze the ways in which African American created a distinctive culture in slavery:Family, Music, Oral traditions and Religions. By Cockleshells 997 use the following categories to analyze the ways in which African American created a distinctive culture in slavery:Family, Music, Oral traditions and Religions. Thesis:Len the sasss, enslavement didnt constrict African Americans but more so helped them to develop construct their culture. As in every ethnicity family was crucial to African Americans not even separation could tear them apart.Talons with that, the different ethnicities languages of the u. S. Assisted in making Creole, pidgin, other secret languages amongst slaves. Plus, the variation in religion allowed them to utilize Christianity, Protestantism, Catholicism when making their own religion helped with the creation of voodoo. However, when it came to music they used originality for oral traditions they used folk tales from back at home without U. We will write a custom essay sample on Following categories to analyze the ways or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page S. Influences. Family TTS:the worst part about slavery was no doubt the separation of loved ones;however, It did form hidden slave communities focused n matriarchy. Many families were broken up by the sale of a member of the family, and yet family connections were often preserved (and many rejoined after the Civil War). Slaves who were sold and moved on to new plantations/farms connected with others who had family members in previous settings from which they had come reinforced many such informal linkages. -Because of the breakup of many families, children were often raised primarily by the mothers, creating female-centered household traditions that persisted after slavery Music TTS:past times from field work household duties helped compose genres of dance music. Gospels, hymns, and spirituals created In religious settings; songs that evolved while working In fields (especially to provide work rhythms) and as expressions of resistance and protest, often In Creole or pledge English not understood by most whites. -Subsequent renowned styles of music, such as the blues and Jazz, evolved out of the various styles sustained during slavery, with reg ional variations. Oral traditions: in African American culture words are a powerful thing, slaves used that belief to their advantage.Heavy reliance on models of oral traditions brought over from Africa and further developed; spread by fugitives, grits, conjurers and shamans (thought to have spiritual or magical powers), slaves sold in the Deep South, and black preachers who embraced Christianity, especially because most white communities prohibited the teaching of literacy to slaves. -Use of folk tales, such as Beer Rabbit, that taught lessons about surviving under oppression. Religionists:African Americans used the diversity of tentacles when constructing their own religion culture.Ideas and practices were disseminated by African American preachers, rebel leaders, abolitionist, and groups such as the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel In Foreign Parts, as well as In churches begun by free slaves as demanding subservience and obedience, the slaves interpreted it as a message of liberation and understood Christ as ministering to the poor and oppressed, not to the rich and oppressive. Conclusion:Len all, the enslavement that African Americans had to endure ultimately made them use their creativity to develop their culture in the U.S. They meticulously merged religions, languages, other cultures from the Spanish, French, other U. S. Inhabitants. They developed dance genres musical genres while working over bearing exhausting Jobs. Their oral traditions were words of spiritual power and also amusing folk tales used for teaching African American youngsters. It ultimately less to famous African American writers speakers. Yet, through the trials faced by slaves in the assess they survived by utilizing what they had making it work for them leading to a distinct African culture.

North American River Otter Facts

North American River Otter Facts The North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) is a semiaquatic mammal in the weasel family. While it may simply be called the river otter in North America (to distinguish it from the sea otter) there are other river otter species throughout the world. Despite its common name, the North American river otter is equally comfortable in either coastal marine or freshwater habitats. Fast Facts: North American River Otter Scientific Name: Lontra canadensisCommon Names: North American river otter, northern river otter, common otterBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 26-42 inches plus a 12-20 inch tailWeight: 11-31 poundsLifespan: 8-9 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Watersheds of North AmericaPopulation: AbundantConservation Status: Least Concern Description The North American river otters body is built for streamlined swimming. It has a stocky body, short legs, webbed feet, and a long tail. In contrast to the European otter, the North American river otter has a longer neck and narrower face. The otter closes its nostrils and small ears when submerged. It uses its long vibrissae (whiskers) to find prey in murky water. North American river otters weigh 11 to 31 pounds and range from 26 to 42 inches long plus a 12 to 20 inch tail. Otters are sexually dimorphic, with males about 5% larger than females. Otter fur is short and ranges in color from light brown to black. White-tipped hairs are common in older otters. River otters use their tails as rudder while swimming. Hailshadow / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution North American river otters live near permanent watersheds throughout North America, from Alaska and northern Canada south to the Gulf of Mexico. Typical habitats include lakes, rivers, marshes, and coastal shorelines. Although largely exterminated in the Midwest, reintroduction programs are helping river otters reclaim part of their original range. Diet River otters are carnivores that hunt fish, crustaceans, frogs, salamanders, waterfowl and their eggs, aquatic insects, reptiles, mollusks, and small mammals. They sometimes eat fruit, but avoid carrion. During winter, otters are active during the daytime. In warmer months, they are most active between dusk and dawn. Behavior North American river otters are social animals. Their basic social unit consists of an adult female and her offspring. Males also group together. Otters communicate by vocalization and scent marking. Young otters play to learn survival skills. River otters are excellent swimmers. On land they walk, run, or slide across surfaces. They may travel as much as 26 miles in a single day. Reproduction and Offspring North American river otters breed between December and April. Embryo implantation is delayed. Gestation lasts 61 to 63 days, but young are born 10 to 12 months after mating, between February and April. Females seek dens made by other animals for giving birth and raising young. Females give birth and raise their pups without aid from their mates. A typical litter ranges from one to three pups, but as many as five pups may be born. Otter pups are born with fur, but are blind and toothless. Each pup weighs about 5 ounces. Weaning occurs at 12 weeks. Offspring venture out on their own before their mother gives birth to her next litter. North American river otters reach sexual maturity at two years of age. Wild otters typically live 8 or 9 years, but may live 13 years. River otters live 21 to 25 years in captivity. Baby river otter. ArendTrent / Getty Images Conservation Status The IUCN classifies North American river otter conservation status as least concern. For the most part, the species population is stable and otters are being reintroduced into areas from which they vanished. However, river otters are listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) because the species may become endangered if trade is not closely regulated. Threats River otters are subject to predators and disease, but human activities are their greatest threat. Otters are highly susceptible to water pollution, including oil spills. Other important threats include habitat loss and degradation, illegal hunting, vehicle accidents, trapping, and entanglement in fishnets and lines. River Otters and Humans River otters are hunted and trapped for their fur. Otters pose no threat to humans, but in rare cases they have been known to attack dogs. Sources Kruuk, Hans. Otters: ecology, behaviour and conservation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-19-856586-0.Reid, D.G.; T.E. Code; A.C.H. Reid; S.M. Herrero  Food habits of the river otter in a boreal ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 72 (7): 1306–1313, 1994. doi:10.1139/z94-174Serfass, T., Evans, S.S. Polechla, P. Lontra canadensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T12302A21936349. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T12302A21936349.enToweill, D.E. and J.E. Tabor. The Northern River Otter Lutra canadensis (Schreber). Wild mammals of North America (J.A. Chapman and G.A. Feldhamer ed.). Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.